Yarn control means



In. a 1934. F LEIN" 1,942,311

YARN CONTROL MEANS Filed Marsh 27, 19:51

BY 11/3 ATTQRNE INVENTOR,

Patented Jan. 9, 1934 PATENT OFFICE YARN CONTROL MEANS Frederick Klein,College ma, N. Y.,

to Ship-Eastwood Corporation, Paterson,

assignor N. 1.,

a corporation of New Jersey Application March 2-1, 1931. Serial No.525,300

14 Claims.

This invention relates to tension means for yarn, thread and the likeand particularly to that class in which there is a tension means foreach Y 5 object is to provide a tension means which will operate withoutsubjecting the filament to rubbing or sliding friction and which mayhave thesame operatively associated therewith without the tedious andtime-wasting effort which characterizes a threading-through operation.

According to my invention in one aspect thereof a pulley whose rotationis resisted by suitable braking means acts as the prime tension medium,the yarn or other filament being bent around and in tractive engagementwith the pulley and being, anterior of the pulley, subjected tofrictional resistance to advance thereof less than the resistance tosuch advance opposed by the pulley. According to my invention in anotheraspect thereof a tension device including a pulley around which the yarnis bent and which it tractively engages is movable back and forth andnormally urged in the direction opposite to the direction of the drafton the yarn, and, anterior of the pulley, is subjected to frictionalresistance to advance thereof less than the resistance to such advanceopposed by said device; in this aspect of my invention it is not broadlymaterial whether the rotation of the pulley be resisted or not (thoughusually it will be) since the resistance of said device to movementincident to the draft, with the pulley snubbed by the yarn due to theresistance anterior thereof, is itself a tension-eifecting factor. Whenthe mechanism is characterized by such a movable tension device thelatter preferably has its movement in response to the draft limited.Further, when the mechanism is so characterized the said device may beutilized as a circuit-maker and breaker, thus to serve to energize alamp or equivalent signal or an electro-magnetic controller.

My invention further contemplates a novel means for imposing a drag onyarn or the like so constructed as automatically to shift and thusprevent the yarn wearing continuously in one place thereon with theeffect of forming a nick therein. In the example herein disclosed thisis employed as the hereinbefore mentioned means anterior of the pulley,and whereas in that case Fig. 4 an underneath detail on a lar er scale.

Fig.5atopplan ofa mtlbeoneotthearmsotacreelmotshown) thread or otherfilament. The principal it does not, alone, oppose appreciableresistance- .pulley is held underlying the puller (Cl. 242F455) carryingspools from which'yarns as A are to be taken, say to form a warp inwarping. On this arm, by screws 2, is secured a plate 3 formed as to itsprojecting portion annular and with a partially cup-shaped p rtion 3adepending from its annular portion and adjoining support 1, and with aleg 3b depending from the cup-shaped portion. So much forms, withcertain other fixed parta'the fixed or supporting structure.

A support in the form of 'a spindle 4 has its lower end bent off andpivoted in the leg 31'), the

spindle being generally cylindrical in cross-section except at its upperend which is part-cylindrical (Figs. 2 and 3). Said spindle iscapable ofrocking in its bearing in leg 3b from the perpendicular to a tiltedposition, its motion in each direction being limited as follows: Securedto the under side of the portion 3a of plate 3 is an insulator 5 havinga slot 6 one end of which forms a stop to limit the motion of thespindle in one direction, i. e., to the perpendicular Fig. 2); attachedto. the insulator 5 by a screw-bolt 'l is a plate 8 having a clamp 8aand an abutment 8b, the clamp holding an incandescent electric lamp 9which abuts the abutment 8b and whose terminal end forms a stop to limitthe movement of the spindle in the other direction, or somewhat tiltedfrom the perpendicular. The spindle.

has affixed thereto a mutilated or partial disk 10 so arranged thatgravity acting on the member comprising the spindle and this disk tiltsit toward the stop formed by lamp 9.

On the disk is a felt washer or pad 11 or equivalent to form a brake orfrictional resistance. On this washer is a flanged pulley or sheave l2rev-. oluble on the spindle and having its lower flange below and itsupper flange above the level of the top of plate 3, the same having itsbarrel portion (between its flanges) preferably tapering. On the pulleyis another felt washer or pad 13 to form a brake or frictionalresistance. And on this washer is a thin sheet-metal disk 14,superimposed by a disk-like weight 15, the disk 14 having a centralnon-round hole conforming to and fitting the upper non-cylindrical endof the spindle so that the disk is non-rotative but removable. This diskhas its central portion concave or dished at the under side so as flangeof pulley 12 and its margin or rim is flared upward or conical. It willthus be seen that the between two non-rotative elements (10-14) and issubject when rotated to the drag to house the upper or braking action ofthe felt washers 11-13. g

The disk 14 is formed as described so that when the yarn or thread A isgiven a turn or two about. the pulley so as to obtain tractiveengagement therewith the yarn coil orcoils will be fended onto thepulley barrel and not enter between the pulley-and said disk, being alsoprevented from by the top or plate 3.

The top of plate 3 has a slight circular cavity 16 containing the underone of two superposed frustro-conical disks 17 having their adjacent(lesser) faces abutting each other and having a central hole 18 ofgreater diameter than that of a pin 19 upstanding from said arm andpenetrating the holes, the divergence of the margins of the disksfacilitating entry of the yarn between them as shown in Figs. 1 and 3.The yarn travels between the disks at one side of pin 19. At the.

other side of this pin and close to the periphery of the disks two otherpins 20 upstand from arm 1, the arrangement of the abutments formed bythe three pins being such that neither disk actual- 1y contacts with allof them at once (Fig. 5). By this arrangement, when the yarn is underdraft, as by being wound on some rotating element diagrammatically shownat 21, it'causes the disks to creep slowly around in the direction ofthe curved arrow. in Fig. 3, so that the disks are not cut by the yarndue to its wiping thereagainst always in the same line; in this creepingaction of the disks'the pin 19 and left-hand pin 20 are directly active,the other pin 20 being present mainly to preserve the disks in about therelation to pin 19 and left-hand pin 20 which is shown. The yarn tracksacross that half-segment of the disks which adjoins the pins, this beingin the example due to the bend in the yarn incident to pin 19 being outof a straight line connecting its point of incidence with pulley l2 andthe yarn supply (as a cone) shown diagrammatically at 2111; whereforethe rotary creeping of the disks has no influence to displace the rapid-1y moving yarn away from the pins 20, which might result in thedischarge of the yarn from between the disks, out of the controlthereof.

Leg 322 of plate 3 is connected to ground by the conductor 22. The plate8 is connected to ground by conductor 23 here energized by thetransformer 24 and containing an electro-magnet 25 which, with itsarmature 26, acts as a controller, for instance through means not shownbut well known in the art to stop the rotation of the element 21. Thecircuit formed by parts 22, 3b, 4, 9, 8, 23 and 25- is closed wheneverspindle 4 is allowed to assume its mentioned tilted position-in contactwith the terminal of lamp 9. In the operation of the mechanism by way ofexample above described and shown in the drawing the tension on .theyarn is the result of two forces each dependent for producing suchtension on the means 1'7 which in the example serves merely to cause theyarn to snub the pulley, that is to say, to grip it without. materialslippage, such forces being on the one hand the friction exerted uponthe pulley by its carrier (comprising the spindle and parts 10, 11, 13,14 and 15), and on the other the action of gravity normally acting onthe tension device (formed by said carrier and pulley) to shift saiddevice to the tilted position. In this example the means 17 plays noappreciable part in tensioning the yarn, that function being mainlysubserved by the braked pulley and by the gravity-achiated tensiondevice as a whole, the object being to avoid wearing or rubbing of theyarn and to make the mechanism adaptable to diflerent grades of yarn oryarn which runs more or less irregular in thickness.

So long as the yarn continues to run un- I broken and under draft thetension device is energizing both the controller 2526 and the lamp 9which serves as a tell-tale where a number of the mechanisms are presentfor tensioning a number of yarns to indicate the particular yarnaffected.

Each disk 17 is in effect an annulus resting freely on a suitablesupport and the pin 19 and left-hand pin 20 are abutments, one insideand the other outside of the annulus, arranged too close together topermit the annulus to roll one complete rotation around and'always incontact with abutment 19 and spaced slightly exceeding the intervalbetween the inside and outside diameters of the annulus, whereby if theyarn travels across the annulus it tends to roll it around pin 19 byfriction with the annulus until the latter encounters the pin 20,whereupon the vibration of the annulus by the yarn, when travelling atsuitable speed, disturbs the annulus so that it is free to roll againaround the pin, such rolling and motions of disturbance of course beingperhaps imperceptible to the eye but involving progress intermittently,nevertheless, of the annulus in the direction of the curved arrow inFig. 3. If the yarn traversed the annulus in .that half-segment thereofwhich is near the observer in the drawing it might work off toward theobserver out of control of the annulus; this is avoided by forming pin19 of less diameter than half that of hole 18, whereby the yarn maytraverse the far half-segment of the annulus, i. e., the half-segmentoccupied by the penetrating abutment 19.

The pulley is characterized by a barrel portion which is tapering, ashereinbefore stated, with at least a peripheral flange thereon at thesmaller end of the tapered barrel portion. Occasional or vagrantslippage of the yarn around the pulley cannot of course be entirelyprevented and if the barrels periphery is cylindrical or if it isgrooved circumferentially so that no true cylindrical surfacecan be saidto exit such slippage in time wears the periphery so that athread-groove or nick is formed which detracts from the efllciency ofthe pulley. By forming the barrel tapering the pulley, especially if itssupport is movable under the draft of the yarn, encourages the turns ofthe yarn to slip laterally of themselves or axially of the pulley, sothat the turns are constantly shifting in the axial direction andinstead of any wear incident to rotary slippage of the yarn occurringconstantly on any given line the wear is distributed. Of course theobject here is not so much to avoid replacement of pulleys as it is toprevent such changes by wear in the form of the pulley asmightdeleteriously effect the tension without the fault being readilydetected by the operator. In the preferred form the taper forms an acuteangle with the pulleys axis.

The bearing of the pulley is of small diameter;

that is, the actual radius of the pulley (from its bearing to itsperiphery) is the major part of its true or geometric radius (from itsaxis to its periphery), whereby the pulley presents ample leverage tothe yarn, with less likelihood of the l. yarn slipping thereon, and 1insure the pulley rather than the means 1'7 being the principal factorin maintaining the tension.

Having thus fully described my invention what I claim is: p

1. In combination, means to draw yarn lengthwise, and mechanism to exerttension on the yarn while so drawn comprising a revoluble pulley aroundwhich the yarn under draft is bent and which it tractively engages,means to support being drawn lengthwise comprising supporting andfrictionally resist rotation of the pulley, and

.means, anterior of the pulley, imposing on the being drawn lengthwisecomprising supporting structure, a tension device movable back and forthin said structure generally lengthwise, and normally urged in thedirection opposite to that, of the draft on the yarn and including arevoluble pulley around which the yarn is bent and which it tractivelyengages, and means, anterior of the pulley and relatively to which saiddevice is movable, imposing on the yarn frictional resistance to theadvance thereof less than the resistance to such advance opposed by thepulley. I

' 3. Mechanism to exert tension on yarn while being drawn lengthwisecomprising supporting structure, a tension device movable back and forthin said structure generally lengthwise, and normally urged in thedirection opposite to that, of the draft on the yarn and including arevoluble pulley around which the yarn is bent and which it tractivelyengages and means frictionally resisting rotation of the pulley, andmeans, anterior of the pulleyand relatively to which said device ismovable, imposing on the yarn frictional resistance to. the advancethereof less than the resistance to such advance opposed by the pulley.

4. Mechanism to exert tension on yarn while being drawn lengthwisecomprising supporting structure, a tension device movable back and forthin said structure generally lengthwise, and normally urged in thedirection opposite to that, of the draft on the yarn and including arevoluble pulley around which the yarn is bent and which it tractivelyengages, and means, anterior of the pulley and relatively to which saiddevice is movable, imposing on the yarn frictional resistance to theadvance thereof less than the resistance to such advance opposed by thepulley, said structure having a stop limiting the movement of saiddevice in response to the draft on the yarn.

5. Mechanism to exert tension on yarn while structure, a tension devicemovable back. and forth in said structure generally lengthwise, andnormally urged in the direction opposite to that,

-of the draft on the yarn and including a revoluble pulley around whichthe yarn is' bent and which it tractively engages and means frictionallyresisting rotation of the pulley, and means, anterior of the pulley andrelatively to which said device is movable, imposing on the yarnfrictional resistance to the advance thereof less than the resistance tosuch advance opposed by the pulley, said structure having a stoplimiting the movementof said device in response to the draft on theyarn.

6. Mechanism to exert tension on yarn while being drawn lengthwisecomprising supporting structure, a tension device movable back and forthin said structure generally lengthwise, and normally urged in thedirection opposite to that,

1 of the draft on the yarn and including a revoluble pulley around whichthe yarn is bent and which it tractively engages and a carrier for thepulley pivoted in said structure to move in an upright plane, and means,anterior of the pulley, imposing on the yarn frictional resistance tothe advance thereof.

'1. Mechanism to exert tension on yarn while being drawn lengthwisecomprising supporting structure, a tension device movable back and forthin said structure generally lengthwise, and normally urged in thedirection opposite to that, of the draft on the yarn and including arevoluble pulley around which the yarn is bent and which it tractivelyengages and a carrier for the pulley pivoted in said structure to movein an upright plane and frictionally resisting rotation of the pulley,and means, anterior of the pulley, imposing on the yarn frictionalresistance to the advance thereof.

8. Tension mechanism including supporting structure and a pulley supportmovable therein,

and a tapered-periphery pulley journaled on the support and adapted toreceive a bend in the yarn in tractive engagement with its periphery,said support and pulley being movable back and forth and normally urgedin one direction and adapted to be moved in the opposite direction bythe i yarn.

- 9; Tension mechanism including supporting structure and a supportprojecting therefrom, a tension pulley journaled on the support andadapted'to receive a bend in the yarn in tractive .engagement with itsperiphery, said support and pulley being movable back and forth in saidstructure and normally urged in one direction and being adapted to bemoved in the opposite direction by the yarn and said pulley having oneend face projecting from and the other housed in said means, and acone-faced member opposed to the first face of the pulley and housingthe corresponding end thereof, the conical face of said memberconverging toward said means.

10. Means to impose a drag on lengthwisetravelling yarn comprising, witha support having a top surface and spaced abutments upstandingtherefrom, an annulus resting on said surface and penetrated by oneabutment and free to rotatively shift around the same, said abutmentsbeing spaced apart so that the annulus cannot shift in continuousrolling contact with the penetrating abutment without contact with theother abutment, and the yarn being adapted to travel in frictionalcontact with the annulus.

11. Means to impose a drag on lengthwisetravelling yarn comprising, witha support having a top surface and spaced abutments upstandingtherefrom, an annulus resting onsaid surface and penetrated by oneabutment and free to rota-' shift in continuous rolling contact with thepenetrating abutment without contact with the other abutment, and theyarn being adapted to travel in frictional contact with the annulus, thepenetrating abutment being of less diameter than one half of the insidediameter of the annulus whereby the yarn may travel across the annulusin that half-segment thereof occupied by said penetrating abutment.

12. Means to impose a drag on lengthwisetravelling yarn comprising, witha support having a top surface, means above said surface forming arolling-contact surface formed around an axis penetrating the firstsurface, and an annulus resting on the first surface and free to shiftthereon in rolling-contact with said contact surface in response to thefriction of the yarn when travelling in contact with the annulus, meansto confine the rotary shifting of the annulus to intermittent movement.

13. Mechanism to exert tension on yarn while being drawn lengthwisecomprising a revoluble pulley around which the yarn under draft is bentand which it tractively engages, means to axially support andfrictionally resist rotation of the pulley, and means, anterior of thepulley, imposing on the yarn frictional resistance to the advancethereof substantially sufiicient only to cause the yarn to snub thepulley, said pulley having its actual radius equalling the major portionof its geometric radius.

14. In combination, means to draw yarn lengthwise, and mechanism toexert tension on the yarn while so drawn comprising a revoluble thethus-IrictionalLv-resisted pulley forming a tension device by which theyarn is last tensi'oned anterior to the first-named means.

FREDERICK KLEIN.

